open access publication

Article, 2024

The validity of pathology codes for biopsy-confirmed kidney disease in the Danish National Patobank

Clinical Kidney Journal, ISSN 2048-8513, 2048-8505, Page sfae203, 10.1093/ckj/sfae203

Contributors

Møller, Marie (Corresponding author) [1] Bressendorff, Iain O 0000-0003-2711-4799 [1] Borg, Rikke 0000-0002-2283-3578 [2] [3] Dieperink, Hans Herman 0009-0003-0726-835X [4] [5] Gregersen, Jon W [6] [7] Hansen, Helle [5] Hommel, Kristine 0000-0003-3222-0748 [8] Hornum, Mads 0000-0002-0123-4007 [3] [9] Ivarsen, Per [10] [11] Jensen, Karina Haar 0000-0002-4424-8708 [2] [12] Jørgensen, Morten B [9] Kristensen, Tilde [13] Krustrup, Dorrit [1] Mose, Frank Holden 0000-0002-5830-5814 [11] Rossing, Peter [3] [12] Otte, Kjeld Erik [14] Persson, Frederik Ivar 0000-0001-6242-6638 [11] Schandorff, Kristine Dyhr [15] Hansen, Ditte 0000-0003-4929-7901 [1] [3]

Affiliations

  1. [1] Copenhagen University Hospital
    2. [NORA names: Capital Region of Denmark; Hospital; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  2. [2] Zealand University Hospital
    3. [NORA names: Region Zealand; Hospital; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  3. [3] University of Copenhagen
    4. [NORA names: KU University of Copenhagen; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  4. [4] University of Southern Denmark
    5. [NORA names: SDU University of Southern Denmark; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  5. [5] Odense University Hospital
    6. [NORA names: Region of Southern Denmark; Hospital; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];

Abstract

Abstract Introduction This study validates the application of Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine second edition (SNOMED II) codes used to describe medical kidney biopsies in Denmark in encoded form, aiming to support robust epidemiological research on the causes, treatments, and prognosis of kidney diseases. Methods Kidney biopsy reports from January 1st, 1998, to December 31st, 2018, were randomly extracted from the Danish National Patobank, using SNOMED codes. A 5% sample was selected, and nephrologists assessed the corresponding medical records, assigning each case the applied clinical diagnoses. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), and Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) for the retrieved SNOMED codes were calculated. Results A total of 613 kidney biopsies were included. The primary clinical disease groups were glomerular disease (n = 368), tubulointerstitial disease (n = 67), renal vascular disease (n = 51), diabetic nephropathy (n = 51), and various renal disorders (n = 40). Several SNOMED codes were used to describe each clinical disease group and PPV for the combined SNOMED codes were high for glomerular disease (94%), diabetic nephropathy (85%), and systemic diseases affecting the kidney (96%). Conversely, tubulointerstitial disease (62%), renal vascular disease (60%), and other renal disorders (17%) showed lower PPVs. Conclusion and perspective SNOMED codes have a high PPV for glomerular diseases, diabetic nephropathy, and systemic diseases affecting the kidney, in which they could be applied for future epidemiological research.

Keywords

Cohen, Cohen's kappa coefficient, Danish, Denmark, Patobank, SNOMED, SNOMED codes, Second Edition, applications, biopsy, biopsy reports, cases, cause, clinical diagnosis, code, coefficient, conclusions, diabetic nephropathy, diagnosis, disease, disease group, disorders, editing, encoded form, epidemiological research, form, glomerular disease, group, kappa coefficient, kidney, kidney biopsy, kidney biopsy reports, kidney disease, medical records, method, negative predictive value, nephrologists, nephropathy, pathology, perspective, positive predictive value, predictive value, prognosis, prognosis of kidney disease, records, renal disorders, renal vascular disease, reports, research, samples, sensitivity, specificity, study, systemic disease, treatment, tubulointerstitial disease, validity, values, vascular disease

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