open access publication

Article, 2024

Montmorillonite restricts free fatty acid liberation and alters self-assembled structures formed during in vitro lipid digestion

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, ISSN 0021-9797, 1095-7103, Volume 675, Pages 660-669, 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.042

Contributors

Ariaee, Amin 0000-0002-4649-219X [1] Salim, Malinda [2] Boyd, Ben J 0000-0001-5434-590X [2] [3] Prestidge, Clive A 0000-0001-5401-7535 [1] Joyce, Paul 0000-0003-3619-7901 (Corresponding author) [1]

Affiliations

  1. [1] University of South Australia
    2. [NORA names: Australia; Oceania; OECD];
  2. [2] Monash University
    3. [NORA names: Australia; Oceania; OECD];
  3. [3] University of Copenhagen
    4. [NORA names: KU University of Copenhagen; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD]

Abstract

The global rise in obesity necessitates innovative weight loss strategies. Naturally occurring smectite clays, such as montmorillonite (MMT), offer promise due to their unique properties that interfere with free fatty acid (FFA) liberation, reducing systemic uptake. However, the mechanisms of MMT-FFA interactions and their implications for weight management are undefined. This study investigates these interactions by adding MMT (10 % w/w) to in vitro lipolysis media containing medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), and monitoring FFA liberation using pH-stat titration. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering (sSAXS) observed time-dependent structural changes, while electron microscopy examined clay morphology during digestion. A 35 % reduction in FFA liberation occurred after 25 min of digestion with MCT + MMT, with digestion kinetics following a biphasic model driven by calcium soap formation. NTA revealed a 17-fold decrease in vesicular structures with MCT + MMT, and sSAXS highlighted a rapid lamellar phase evolution linked to calcium soap formation. This acceleration is attributed to MMT's adsorption to unionized FFAs via hydrogen bonding, supported by TEM images showing a decrease in d-spacing, indicating FFA intercalation is not the main adsorption mechanism. These findings highlight MMT's potential as a novel intervention for reducing dietary lipid absorption in obesity and metabolic diseases.

Keywords

MCT, TEM, TEM images, X-ray scattering, absorption, acceleration, acid, acid liberation, adsorption, adsorption mechanism, analysis, biphasic model, bonds, calcium, calcium soap formation, changes, clay, clay morphology, d-spacing, decrease, dietary lipid absorption, digestion, digestion kinetics, disease, electron, electron microscopy, evolution, fatty acid liberation, fatty acids, findings, formation, free fatty acid liberation, free fatty acids, global rise, hydrogen, hydrogen bonds, images, in vitro lipid digestion, interaction, intercalation, intervention, kinetics, liberation, lipid absorption, lipid digestion, lipolysis medium, loss strategies, management, mechanism, medium, metabolic diseases, microscopy, model, montmorillonite, morphology, nanoparticle tracking analysis, nanoparticles, obesity, pH-stat, pH-stat titration, phase evolution, potential, properties, reduced systemic uptake, reduction, rise, scattering, self-assembled structures, small-angle X-ray scattering, smectite, smectite clays, soap formation, strategies, structural changes, structure, study, synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering, systemic uptake, time-dependent structural changes, titration, tracking analysis, unique properties, uptake, vesicular structures, weight, weight loss strategies, weight management

Funders

  • Australian Research Council

Data Provider: Digital Science

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