open access publication

Article, 2024

Risk perception, well-being, depression and anxiety in children and adolescents with rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic - results from the prospective multicenter KICK-COVID study in Germany

Pediatric Rheumatology, ISSN 1546-0096, Volume 22, 1, Page 44, 10.1186/s12969-024-00979-z

Contributors

Sengler, Claudia 0000-0002-6703-0269 (Corresponding author) [1] Klotsche, Jens [1] Pedersen, Malthe Jessen [1] [2] Niewerth, Martina [1] Göldel, Julia M 0000-0002-8116-3842 [3] Windschall, Daniel [4] [5] Haas, Johannes-Peter 0000-0001-8117-1298 [6] Dressler, Frank [7] Trauzeddel, Ralf Felix [8] Hospach, Anton [9] Weller-Heinemann, Frank [10] Lanzinger, Stefanie [11] Kamrath, Clemens 0000-0002-8241-4105 [12] Holl, Reinhard Walter 0000-0003-1395-4842 [11] Warschburger, Petra A 0000-0001-7979-7451 [3] Minden, Kirsten 0000-0003-2775-0111 [1] [13]

Affiliations

  1. [1] German Rheumatism Research Centre
    2. [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
  2. [2] Aarhus University
    3. [NORA names: AU Aarhus University; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  3. [3] University of Potsdam
    4. [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
  4. [4] Clinic for Pediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology, Northwest German Center for Rheumatology, St. Josef Stift Sendenhorst, Germany
    5. [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
  5. [5] Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
    6. [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the psychosocial burden in children and adolescents with juvenile rheumatic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsAs part of the multicentre observational KICK-COVID study linked to the National Pediatric Rheumatology Database, adolescents < 21 years and parents of children < 12 years with rheumatic diseases answered questions on perceptions of health risk (PHR) due to SARS-CoV2, stress, well-being (WHO-5) and symptoms of depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7). Data were collected at routine visits from June to December 2021 and assessed for association with demographic and clinical parameters, treatment and patient-reported outcomes by multivariable regression analyses.ResultsData from 1356 individuals (69% female, 50% adolescents) were included. Median PHR on a numeric rating scale (NRS, 0–10) was 4 (IQR 2–6), median perceived stress was 3 (IQR 1–6). Adolescents reported a worse well-being with a significantly lower median WHO-5-score (60, IQR 40–76) than parents reported for their children < 12 years (80, IQR 68–84). Moderate to severe symptoms of depression and anxiety were reported by 14.3% and 12.3% of the adolescents, respectively. PHR was significantly higher in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, methotrexate or biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug therapy than in patients without these characteristics, whereas lower WHO-5 or higher PHQ-9 or GAD-7 scores were only associated with poorer patient-reported health status and physical functioning.ConclusionThe perception of health risk due to SARS-CoV2 infection was not paralleled by an impairment of mental health, which were, however, significantly correlated with self-rated health status and functional capacity, highlighting the importance of patient-reported outcome assessment.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), no. DRKS00027974. Registered on 27th of January 2022.

Keywords

COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic, ConclusionThe, GAD-7, GAD-7 scores, Germany, MethodsAs part, National, National Pediatric Rheumatologic Database, ObjectiveTo, PHQ-9, Rating Scale, ResultsData, SARS-CoV2, SARS-CoV2 infection, WHO-5, adolescents, analysis, anti-rheumatic drug therapy, anxiety, assessment, association, biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug therapy, burden, capacity, characteristics, children, clinical parameters, covid-19 Pandemic Results, data, database, depression, disease, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug therapy, drug therapy, erythematosus, function, functional capacity, health, health risks, health status, higher PHQ-9, impairment, impairment of mental health, individuals, infection, juvenile rheumatic diseases, lupus erythematosus, mental health, methotrexate, multicentre, multivariate regression analysis, numerical rating scale, outcome assessment, outcomes, pandemic, pandemic results, parameters, parents, parts, patient-reported health status, patient-reported outcome assessments, patient-reported outcomes, patients, perception, perceptions of health risks, physical function, psychosocial burden, questions, regression analysis, results, rheumatic diseases, rheumatological database, risk, risk perception, routine visits, scale, scores, self-rated health status, severe symptoms, severe symptoms of depression, status, stress, study, symptoms, symptoms of depression, systemic lupus erythematosus, therapy, treatment, visits, well-being, years

Funders

  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

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